Soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan allow grow a lot of quickly adapting, medium-and fine-stapled cotton varieties with the necessary agro indicators. So, scientists in our country are working hard to bring to life the latest developments in genetics, breeding, cotton seed growing and further empowerment of Uzbekistan in this direction by adapting new varieties of cotton to the local soil and climatic conditions.

As a result of this research, the research fellows of the Institute of Genetics and Plant Experimental Biology, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, created high-yielding and disease resistant varieties of wilt with a strong fiber, and high oil content in seeds “Mehnat,” “AN-Boevut-2,” “AN-513,” “Kupaysin,”“UzFA-703,” “Kelajak,” “Gulbahor,” “Beshkahramon,” “AN-16” of which today rich and quality crop is received.

Institute scientists N. Gubanova, Y. Juraev, Z. Sodikova and N. Sanaev, using samples of different varieties of cotton in 2009, created resistant to drought and saline soils new varieties of “Navbahor-2” and in 2010 – “Gulbahor-2.” They were introduced to national register of crop plants as promising varieties.

“Class “Gulbahor-2” is midseason with boxes which are disclosed in regular intervals,” scientist N. Gubanova, PhD. “Because of the resistance to drought and salinity, as compared with other varieties, it saves water by 35-40%. In future, this sort, featuring high yield fibers, will grow at 20,000 hectares in Syrdarya region. This year it is grown on 6,000 hectares.”

The fourth and fifth types of cotton are highly valued in the textile industry of the world. The promising cultivar “Navbahor-2” featuring snow white fiber refers to the fourth type, with fiber yield of over 40%. The current used type of it amounts 33%.

This current sort made especially for Syrdarya and Jizzakh regions, has been grown for several years at nearly 6,000 ha. Designed specifically for saline soil with water scarcity, this variety is well suited to desert environment, the buds do not fall off even during dehydration of cotton. The plant bears fruit quickly and evenly.

“In hot weather, like this year, fruits of cotton yield had often crumbled, reducing productivity,” said the head of elite seed farm “Amir Temur” of Syrdarya district Nigmat Rahmatillaev. “Since we have cultivated “Navbahor-2” it has completely preserved fruit. At present, the weight of cotton in a box can be up to seven grams. In other varieties – about 3 grams. Last year we grew this strain on one hectare and received more than 55 quintals of yield. This year, we grow it on 35 ha.

As a result of such activities carried out by the introduction of innovations in science, the price of Uzbek cotton is increasing in the global market from year to year. This can be seen on the example of the traditional International Uzbek Cotton Fair, which facilitates the development of cotton industry and further enhances the export potential of our country.

UzA.uz